Lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril) is an antihypertensive agent that belongs to a class of drugs known as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-inhibitors). Lisinopril is used in the treatment of high blood pressure, kidney disease and heart failure.
| Generic name | Lisinopril |
| Brand name | Prinivil, Zestril |
| Drug class | Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors |
| Drug group | Antihypertensive |
| Black box warnings | Pregnancy |
It acts by preventing the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II (a potent vasoconstrictor), and thus, decreases blood pressure.
Lisinopril can cause various adverse reactions, most commonly rash and persistent dry cough. To minimize these effects a reduction of dosage may necessary.
- Rash
- Persistent dry cough
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Postural hypotension
- Hyperkalemia (high potassium level in the blood)
- Nephrotoxicity
- Chest discomfort
- Upper respiratory infection
- Fatigue
- Abdominal pain
- Vomiting
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Hallucination
- Changes in mood
- Angioedema
- Liver failure
- Palpitations (a suddenly noticeable heartbeat)
- Tachycardia
- Insomnia
- Paresthesia (prickling sensation)
- Muscle cramps
- Gynecomastia (abnormal enlargement of breasts in males)
- Bone marrow depression
- Autoimmune disorders
- Mouth ulcers
- Sore throat
- Fever
- Breathing difficulty
- Excessive hypotension (occur in patients with heart failure)
- Swelling of face and lips (Angioedema)
- Hyperkalemia
- Agranulocytosis and neutropenia (may be noted in patients with collagen vascular disease)
- Nephrotic syndrome (might be noted in patients with a history of renal disease)
1. Kizior, R.J. and Hodgson, B.B. (2018). Saunders nursing drug handbook 2019. Philadelphia: Saunders.
2. British Medical Association (2015). British Medical Association new guide to medicine & drugs. London: Dorling Kindersley.
3. Joint formulary committee, BNF 80 (The British National Formulary), 80th Revised edition, Pharmaceutical Press, London, United Kingdom, [2020].
4. Kolesar, J.M. (2016). Mcgraw-hill’s 2018/2019 top 300 pharmacy drug cards.
Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor that is used in the treatment of high blood pressure, kidney disease and heart failure. It is available as tablets and oral solutions.
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