Enalapril (Vasotec) is an antihypertensive agent that belongs to a class of drugs known as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors). Enalapril is rapidly converted to its active metabolite, Enalaprilat, by hepatic biotransformation.
This agent is a vasodilator that is used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure. Enalapril is sold under the brand name Vasotec, it is available as oral tablets, powder for oral solution and injection solution.
Maleate salt of Enalapril is called Enalapril maleate, it is also available as combinations with diuretics such as:
Enalapril maleate/ hydrochlorothiazide (available as the brand name Vaseretic)
Common and less common side effects of Enalapril (Vasotec) such as dizziness and rash may diminish with time and long-term treatment, in some other cases dose adjustment may be required.
However, sometimes the side effects of enalapril can be serious, so if you experience any severe side effects, you should seek medical attention immediately.
The most common side effects of Enalapril (Vasotec) are:
- Rash
- Dry cough
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Blurred vision
- Depression
- Anemia
- Loss of appetite
- Asthma
- Bone marrow disorders
- GIT disorders
- Muscle crumps
- Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar levels)
- Proteinuria (increased levels of protein in urine)
The rare side effects of Enalapril (Vasotec) include:
- Weakness
- Hepatic disorders
- Autoimmune disorders
- Gynecomastia (abnormal enlargement of breast tissue in males)
- Oral disorders (e.g., mouth ulcers or sore mouth)
- Raynaud's syndrome (decreased blood flow to the fingers)
- Toxic epidermal necrolysis
- Excessive hypotension (low blood pressure)
- Angioedema (swelling of the face, around the eyes and lips)
- Hyperkalemia (high potassium levels in the blood)
- Agranulocytosis
- Neutropenia (in patients with renal impairment)
- Nephrotic syndrome (in patients with a history of renal disease)
- Collagen vascular diseases (e.g., scleroderma or systemic lupus erythematosus)
1. Kizior, R.J. and Hodgson, B.B. (2018). Saunders nursing drug handbook 2019. Philadelphia: Saunders.
2. British Medical Association (2015). British Medical Association new guide to medicine & drugs. London: Dorling Kindersley.
3. Joint formulary committee, BNF 80 (The British National Formulary), 80th Revised edition, Pharmaceutical Press, London, United Kingdom, [2020]
Click here to read more about the correct way to use this medication and learn about its side effects.
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This article focuses on the side effects of the drug as well as lisinopril warnings. Click here to read about the most common, common, and rare side effects of this medication.
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